The Norton equivalent circuit for any linear network at a given pair of terminals consists of a current source iN in parallel with a resistor RN. The current iN and resistance RN can be obtained as follows:
1. iN can be found by applying a short at the designated terminal pair on the original network and calculating or measuring the current through the short circuit.
2. RN can be found in the same manner as RTH, that is, by calculating or measuring the resistance of the open-circuit network seen from the designated terminal pair with all independent sources internal to the network set to zero; that is, with voltage sources replaced with short circuits, and current sources replaced with open circuits.
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